Brand
name: Dilantin
Pronounced: dye-LAN-tin
Generic name: Phenytoin sodium
Why is Dilantin prescribed?
Dilantin is an antiepileptic drug, prescribed to control grand mal
seizures (a type of seizure in which the individual experiences a sudden
loss of consciousness immediately followed by generalized convulsions)
and temporal lobe seizures (a type of seizure caused by disease in
the cortex of the temporal [side] lobe of the brain affecting smell,
taste, sight, hearing, memory, and movement).
Dilantin may also be used to prevent and treat seizures occurring
during and after neurosurgery (surgery of the brain and spinal cord).
Most important fact about Dilantin
If you have been taking Dilantin regularly, do not stop abruptly.
This may precipitate prolonged or repeated epileptic seizures without
any recovery of consciousness between attacks--a condition called status
epilepticus that can be fatal if not treated promptly.
How should you take Dilantin without prescriptions?
It is important that you strictly follow the prescribed dosage regimen
and tell your doctor about any condition that makes it impossible for
you to take Dilantin as prescribed.
If you are given Dilantin Oral Suspension, shake it well before using.
Use the specially marked measuring spoon, a plastic syringe, or a small
measuring cup to measure each dose accurately.
Swallow Dilantin Kapseals whole. Dilantin Infatabs can be either chewed
thoroughly and then swallowed, or swallowed whole. The Infatabs are
not to be used for once-a-day dosing.
Do not change from one form of Dilantin to another without consulting
your doctor. Different products may not work the same way.
Depending on the type of seizure disorder, your doctor may give you
another drug with Dilantin.
If you miss a dose...
If you take one dose a day, take the dose you missed as soon as you
remember. If you do not remember until the next day, skip the missed
dose and go back to your regular schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.
If you take more than 1 dose a day, take the missed dose as soon as
possible. If it is within 4 hours of your next dose, skip the one you
missed and go back to your regular schedule. Do not take 2 doses at
once.
If you forget to take your medication 2 or more days in a row, check
with your doctor.
Storage instructions...
Store at room temperature away from light and moisture.
Dilantin side effects
Side effects cannot be anticipated. If any develop or change in intensity,
inform your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine
whether it is safe for you to continue taking Dilantin.
* Side effects may include:
Decreased coordination, involuntary eye movement, mental confusion, slurred
speech
Why should Dilantin not be prescribed?
If you have ever had an allergic reaction to or are sensitive to phenytoin
or similar epilepsy medications such as Peganone or Mesantoin, do not
take Dilantin. Make sure your doctor is aware of any drug reactions
you have experienced.
Special warnings about Dilantin
Tell your doctor if you develop a skin rash. If the rash is scale-like,
characterized by reddish or purplish spots, or consists of (fluid-filled)
blisters, your doctor may stop Dilantin and prescribe an alternative
treatment. If the rash is more like measles, your doctor may have you
stop taking Dilantin until the rash is completely gone.
Because Dilantin is processed by the liver, people with impaired liver
function, older adults, and those who are seriously ill may show early
signs of drug poisoning.
Practicing good dental hygiene minimizes the development of gingival
hyperplasia (excessive formation of the gums over the teeth) and its
complications.
Avoid drinking alcoholic beverages while taking Dilantin.
Possible food and drug interactions when taking Dilantin
If Dilantin is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either
could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important
to check with your doctor before combining Dilantin with the following:
Alcohol
Amiodarone (Cordarone)
Antacids containing calcium
Blood-thinning drugs such as Coumadin
Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin)
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Diazepam (Valium)
Dicumarol
Digitoxin (Crystodigin)
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Doxycycline (Vibramycin)
Estrogens such as Premarin
Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
Felbamate (Felbatol)
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Furosemide (Lasix)
Isoniazid (Nydrazid)
Major tranquilizers such as Mellaril and Thorazine
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Molindone hydrochloride (Moban)
Oral contraceptives
Paroxetine (Paxil)
Phenobarbital
Quinidine (Quinidex)
Reserpine (Diupres)
Rifampin (Rifadin)
Salicylates such as aspirin
Seizure medications such as Depakene, Depakote, Tegretol, and Zarontin
Steroid drugs such as prednisone (Deltasone)
Sucralfate (Carafate)
Sulfa drugs such as Gantrisin
Theophylline (Theo-Dur, others)
Ticlopidine (Ticlid)
Tolbutamide (Orinase)
Trazodone (Desyrel)
Ulcer medications such as Tagamet and Zantac
Tricyclic antidepressants (such as Elavil, Norpramin, and others)
may cause seizures in susceptible people, making a dosage adjustment
of Dilantin necessary.
Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) may occur in people taking Dilantin,
which blocks the release of insulin. People with diabetes may experience
increased blood sugar levels due to Dilantin.
Abnormal softening of the bones may occur in people taking Dilantin
because of Dilantin's interference with vitamin D metabolism.
Special information if you are pregnant or breastfeeding
If you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant, inform your doctor
immediately. Because of the possibility of birth defects with antiepileptic
drugs such as Dilantin, you may need to discontinue the drug. Do not,
however, stop taking it without first consulting your doctor. Dilantin
appears in breast milk; breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment
with Dilantin.
Recommended dosage for Dilantin
Dosage is tailored to each individual's needs. Your doctor will monitor
blood levels of the drug closely, particularly when switching you from
one drug to another.
ADULTS Overdosage : An overdose of Dilantin can be fatal.
If you suspect an overdose, seek medical attention immediately.
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